Nextgeneration sonetsdhtechnologies and applications. Pdf multipoint ethernet over nextgeneration sonetsdh. Ethernet over sonet using a variety of proprietary approaches. Ethernet frames which are to be sent on the sdh link are sent through an encapsulation block. The international equivalent of sonet is synchronous digital hierarchy sdh. The fcd155e transports ethernet traffic over sdh or sonet networks, enabling carriers and service providers to provide lan connectivity and internet access. Bitstuffing pulse stuffing was seen by the telecommunications industry as a major weakness in the tcarrier system, introducing more and more wasteful overhead as the multiplexing grew. Synchronous optical network sonet transmission definition synchronous optical network sonet offers costeffective transport both in the access area and core of the network. Wu 3 1 university of new mexico, 2 iit bombay, 3 shanghai jiao to ng. Unfortunately, the obvious problem with these proprietary approaches is that interoperability between various vendors equipment is difficult, if not impossible. The protocol stack of this equipment is shown in stack b of figure 1. This section provides an overview of sonet in a graphical format.
To help optimize the transport of ethernet over sonet sdh links, two new technologies have been standardized. These cisco products cannot sit directly on a sonet or sdh ring. Packet over sonet sdh, abbreviated pos, is a communications protocol for transmitting packets in the form of the point to point protocol ppp over sdh or sonet, which are both standard protocols for communicating digital information using lasers or light emitting diodes leds over optical fibre at high line rates. Sonet synchronous optical network is a us standard for the internal. However, sonetsdh rings, which are the primary connection to the metropolitan area network. Combining eopdh and pdh over sonet sdh, this newest technology is called ethernet over pdh over sonet sdh, or eopos. Synchronous optical network sonet tutorial definition synchronous optical network sonet is a standard for optical telecommunications transport formulated by the exchange carriers standards association ecsa for the american national standards institute ansi, which sets industry standards in the u. Unfortunately,the existence of variable length frames creates a problem that must be addressed. Synchronous optical networking sonet and synchronous digital hierarchy sdh are standardized protocols that transfer multiple digital bit streams synchronously over optical fiber using lasers or highly coherent light from light emitting diodes leds. Sonet sdh was originally standardized for connecting one fiber system to another at. Introduction ppp was designed as a standard method of communicating over pointtopoint links. Multi room hdmi wireless, hdmi over ip, powerlines, hdmi over ethernet.
Initial deployment has been over short local lines, leased lines, and plainoldtelephoneservice pots using modems. Obviously, there is much more to the ip over atm vs. The emergence in the 1990s and the history of nextgeneration sonet sdh ngs equipment are described. For help in understanding the language of sonet telecommunications, a. Oct 28, 2012 synchronous optical networking sonet is a standardized digital communication protocol that is used to transmit a large volume of data over relatively long distances using a fiber optic medium. Wireless, hdmi over ip, powerlines, hdmi over ethernet duration. Ip over sonet debate than the overhead efficiency of each map ping. Sonet is designed to carry broadband payloads currentcurrent digital digital hierarchyhierarchy datadata rates,rates, however,however, areare lower than sts1 to make sonet backwardcompatiblecompatible with with thethe currentcurrent hierarchy,hierarchy, itsits frameframe designdesign includes a system of virtual tributaries vts a virtual. Rfc 1619, ppp over sonet sdh, and rfc 1662, ppp in hdlclike framing. Sonet and sdh are of immense importance for two reasons.
Sonet sdhbased infrastructure towards 10gige widearea network wan technology, enabling them to offer realtime applications such as voice and video over ip without having to upgrade their entire network. Ethernet frames which are to be sent on the sdh link are sent through an encapsulation block typically generic framing procedure or gfp to. With sonet, multiple digital data streams are transferred at the same time over optical fiber using leds and laser beams. Ip over sonet overhead tax on the same distributions is roughly 2 percent. Variable length data packets are mapped directly into the sonet synchronous payload envelope spe. Together, they ensure standards so that digital networks can interconnect internationally and that existing. Synchronization in sonet networks the sonet homepage. What is the difference between sonetsdh and metro ethernet. Thus, isps planning ip over atm back bones need to account for the 25 percent atm cell tax when planning their networks.
Making ethernet over sonet fit a transport network. Eos is a port type on centurylink synchronous service transport sst and selfhealing network service shns that provides customers a layer 1 pointtopoint ethernet handoff. Used to make up bidirectional line switching rings. Sonet synchronous optical networking and sdh synchronous digital hierarchy are multiplexing protocols that transfer multiple digital bit streams over optical fiber with lasers or lightemitting diodes leds. A generic formula calculates the bit rate of a framed digital signal. Sonet defines a technology for carrying many signals of different capacities through a synchronous, flexible, optical hierarchy. The facility of choice has evolved from tcarrier through asynchronous lightwave systems to sonet lightwave systems. Ethernet over sdh eos or eosdh or ethernet over sonet refers to a set of protocols which allow ethernet traffic to be carried over synchronous digital hierarchy networks in an efficient and flexible way.
Lower data rates can also be transferred via an electrical interface. The benefit of gfpf for ethernet is that it handles various bit rates and network topologies. A ds0 is the voice line that is typically hardwired into homes. The article explains that ngs could not provide ubiquitous interoperability with legacy systems, and thus was not universally implemented. For instance, telephone or data switches rely on sonet transport for interconnection. Introduction packet over sonet sdh pos is an emerging technology for carrying ip and other data traffic over the sonet sdh1 backbone. The point at which the two protocols are joined together is also the point at which legacy protocol. However, 10gige on its own does not guarantee the same level of performance as would be expected from a sonet sdh network. Units and divisions related to nada are a part of the school of electrical engineering and computer science at kth royal institute of technology. The gateway then sends the scada and pmu data to the control centers through the low bandwidth optical channels using sonet over ethernet sonetoe 7 and high bandwidth optical channels using. Ip over sonet california state university, northridge. I will attempt to cover both sonet and sdh in this presentation.
Terminating t1e1 circuits over ethernet at the cell sites takes advantage of ethernet s statistical multiplexing capabilities to reduce bandwidth needs for backhaul. Using ethernet over pdh in sonetsdh networks application. Packet over sonet sonet is a timedivision multiplexing tdm architecture that was designed to carry voice traf. Using ethernet switches instead of sonetsdh adms at the aggregation points to reduce overall capital expenditure capex as well as operational expenditure opex.
Nextgeneration sonetsdh technologies and applications designed to optimize time domain multiplexing tdmbased traffic, sonetsdh is very robust and reliable, containing builtin mechanisms to provide 99. A bitway implementation providing endtoend transport of bit streams. Ethernet over pdh over sonet sdh eopos is one of many techniques that provided ethernet connectivity over non ethernet networks. In our paper, we will demonstrate that sonet and rpr could be integrated together. Sonet architecture sonet topology can be a mesh, but most often it is a dual ring. Packet over sonet white paper pmc971161 issue 1 pmcsierra, inc. Sonet is the american national standards institute standard for synchronous data transmission on optical media. To help optimize the transport of ethernet over sonetsdh links, two new technologies have been standardized. The ethernet signal is carried via synchronous optical network sonet over the sst or shns service. One of them must hang off of some ltelayer device, such as. Sonet q synchronous optical network q standard developed by ansi and exchange carrier standards association ecsa q ccitt. The objective of this tutorial is to present an overview of these ethernetover sdh eos technolo gies, focusing on their performances. Eopos is a standardized method for transporting native ethernet frames over the existing telecommunications optical infrastructure use both the established plesiochronous digital hierarchy pdh and synchronous digital hierarchy sonet sdh transport technologies. Standard component of sonet ring is an adm adddrop multiplexer drop one incoming multiplexed stream and replace it with another stream.
Tdm architectures are not ideal solutions for transporting data. I will talk mainly about sonet because you need to understand. Sonet filetype pdf this tutorial provides an introduction to the sonet standard. They are packet over sonet pos cards, which indicate serial transmission of data over sonet frames. Multipoint ethernet over nextgeneration sonet sdh c.
Sonet synchronous optical networking sdh fiber optic. However, sonet and sdh use different terminology, which makes it difficult to talk about both at the same time. In some cases, these ds1 signals also carry traffic. Pdh connections over the existing sonet sdh network. Issue 3, april 11, 2006 1 tutorial ethernet fujitsu and fujitsu customer use only introduction this selfstudy tutorial on ethernet and ethernet over sonet. Some tips for running copper ethernet cable outdoors. Synchronous digital hierarchy sdh q sonet links can be used in place of dark fiber sonet link. The optical layer provides the foundation of transport services for both metro and. Rfc 1619, ppp over sonetsdh, and rfc 1662, ppp in hdlclike framing.
Sonet and sdh define a set of physical layer standards for communications over optical fiber. Its made all sorts of complex just because someone feels that they have to deal with an l2 world and they dont want to run an l3 network. Sonet sonet encodes bit streams into optical signals propagated over optical fiber. Figure 2 shows the synchronous transport signal level 1 sts1 frame structure. This article discusses ethernet over pdh over sonet sdh eopos, eopdh, and ethernet over sonet sdh. Gfp allows two mappings of ethernet over sonet gigabit ethernet transparent mapping and frame mapping. Synchronous optical networking sonet and synchronous digital hierarchy sdh are standardized multiplexing protocols that transfer multiple digital bit streams over optical fiber using lasers or lightemitting diodes leds. As these systems are upgraded to sonet systems, timing distribution plans should be revisited to.
1451 1056 1105 1242 246 1049 240 986 518 136 1183 997 1422 809 1003 1221 1071 982 1067 1271 1420 686 937 613 1008 330 936 531 734 783 428 1293 1356 110 630 23 714 814 1024 610 726 100